Tạo animation đồ thị 3D quay trong Matplotlib

Dùng FuncAnimation để cập nhật surface plot qua các frame, tạo hiệu ứng quay.

• Khởi tạo N=50, fps=250, frn=75.
• Tạo lưới x, y, mảng zarray (N+1, N+1, frn).
• Hàm f(x,y,sig) Gaussian 2D.
• Điền zarray[:,:,i] = f(x,y, 1.5+sin(...)).
• change_plot(frame): xóa plot cũ, vẽ surface mới.
• FuncAnimation(fig, change_plot, frn, fargs=(zarray, plot), interval=1000/fps).
• ani.save('526.gif'), show().

Ví dụ

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.00, 3.50]
plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True
N = 50
fps = 250
frn = 75
x = np.linspace(-4, 4, N + 1)
x, y = np.meshgrid(x, x)
zarray = np.zeros((N + 1, N + 1, frn))
f = lambda x, y, sig: 1 / np.sqrt(sig) * np.exp(-(x ** 2 + y ** 2) / sig ** 2)
for i in range(frn):
    zarray[:, :, i] = f(x, y, 1.5 + np.sin(i * 2 * np.pi / frn))
def change_plot(frame_number, zarray, plot):
    plot[0].remove()
    plot[0] = ax.plot_surface(x, y, zarray[:, :, frame_number], cmap="afmhot_r")
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
plot = [ax.plot_surface(x, y, zarray[:, :, 0], color='0.75', rstride=1, cstride=1)]
ax.set_zlim(0, 1.1)
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, change_plot, frn, fargs=(zarray, plot), interval=1000 / fps)
ani.save('526.gif')
plt.show()

Kết quả

Animation surface plot 3D "thở" (phồng lên thu nhỏ) lưu thành file GIF.