Tạo hiệu ứng Marquee (chạy chữ) trong thông báo Android

Giới thiệu

Mặc định TextView trong thông báo không hỗ trợ marquee. Giải pháp: tạo Custom Notification Layout với RemoteViews và bật android:ellipsize="marquee" + android:singleLine="true".

Các bước thực hiện

Bước 1: Tạo dự án mới

Tạo project Android Studio mới.

Bước 2: Layout chính (res/layout/activity_main.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="https://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        android:layout_margin="16dp"
        android:onClick="createNotification"
        android:text="Tạo thông báo Marquee" />

</RelativeLayout>

Bước 3: Custom Layout cho Notification (res/layout/custom_notification_layout.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="64dp"
    android:padding="10dp">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
        android:layout_marginEnd="10dp"
        android:contentDescription="@string/app_name"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_toEndOf="@id/image"
        android:text="Tiêu đề"
        android:textColor="#000"
        android:textSize="13sp" />

    <!-- TEXTVIEW MARQUEE QUAN TRỌNG -->
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/title"
        android:layout_toEndOf="@id/image"
        android:ellipsize="marquee"
        android:singleLine="true"
        android:text="Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged."
        android:textColor="#000"
        android:textSize="13sp"
        android:focusable="true"
        android:focusableInTouchMode="true"
        android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever" />

</RelativeLayout>

Bước 4: MainActivity dùng RemoteViews (src/MainActivity.java)

package app.tutorialspoint.com.notifyme;

import android.app.NotificationChannel;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.RemoteViews;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    public static final String NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID = "10001";
    private final static String default_notification_channel_id = "default";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    public void createNotification(View view) {
        // TẠO REMOTEVIEWS TỪ CUSTOM LAYOUT
        RemoteViews contentView = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.custom_notification_layout);

        NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(
            MainActivity.this, default_notification_channel_id);

        // GÁN CUSTOM LAYOUT VÀO NOTIFICATION
        mBuilder.setContent(contentView);
        mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher_foreground);
        mBuilder.setAutoCancel(true);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH;
            NotificationChannel notificationChannel = new NotificationChannel(
                NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID, "Kênh Marquee", importance);
            mBuilder.setChannelId(NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID);
            assert mNotificationManager != null;
            mNotificationManager.createNotificationChannel(notificationChannel);
        }

        assert mNotificationManager != null;
        mNotificationManager.notify((int) System.currentTimeMillis(), mBuilder.build());
    }
}

Bước 5: AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="app.tutorialspoint.com.notifyme">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>
</manifest>

Giải thích kỹ thuật Marquee trong RemoteViews

Thuộc tính bắt buộc cho TextView marquee:

<TextView
    android:ellipsize="marquee"
    android:singleLine="true"
    android:focusable="true"
    android:focusableInTouchMode="true"
    android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever" />

Lưu ý quan trọng về RemoteViews:

• RemoteViews chạy trong process hệ thống (SystemUI), không phải process app
• Chỉ hỗ trợ subset View: TextView, ImageView, ProgressBar, Chronometer, AnalogClock, Button, ImageButton
• Không hỗ trợ: EditText, ListView, RecyclerView, WebView, custom View
• Marquee chỉ chạy khi View có focus - trong RemoteViews thì tự động được focus khi notification hiện

Hạn chế

Chạy thử nghiệm

Chạy app → Tạo thông báo → Kéo thanh thông báo → Quan sát TextView "text" chạy chữ liên tục.