Cách lấy thông tin Location Provider hiện tại trên Android

Giới thiệu

Lấy tên nhà cung cấp vị trí (provider) đang được sử dụng: "network", "gps", "passive", "fused"... qua phương thức location.getProvider().

Các bước thực hiện

Bước 1: Tạo dự án

Android Studio → New Project → Empty Activity.

Bước 2: Layout (activity_main.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="https://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text"
        android:textSize="30sp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

Bước 3: MainActivity.java

package com.example.myapplication;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    TextView textView;
    Location location;

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.P)
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textView = findViewById(R.id.text);

        LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);

        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, 101);
        }

        // Lấy vị trí từ NETWORK_PROVIDER
        location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        if (requestCode == 101 && grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return;
            }
            showProvider();
        }
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            return;
        }
        showProvider();
    }

    private void showProvider() {
        if (location != null) {
            String provider = location.getProvider();
            textView.setText("Provider: " + provider);
        } else {
            textView.setText("Chưa có vị trí (null)");
        }
    }
}

Bước 4: Manifest

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

Các Provider phổ biến

Kiểm tra Provider khả dụng

LocationManager lm = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
List<String> providers = lm.getProviders(true); // true = chỉ enabled
for (String p : providers) {
    Log.d("Provider", p);
}

Khuyến nghị: Hiện nay nên dùng FusedLocationProviderClient (Google Play Services) thay vì LocationManager trực tiếp. Nó tự động chọn provider tốt nhất và API đơn giản hơn.